Capital is a municipality enjoying primary status in a country, state, or province. It is usually the seat of the Government or the Governing body. A capital is typically a city that physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of its respective Government. The status as the capital is often designated by its law or constitution. This article provides a list of Countries and Capitals along with countries that have more than one capital with pictures of their flags which will help you remember it faster. Go through the article to know more about it.
As the capital cities of their countries, these towns differ greatly in terms of safety, prices, health care, pollution level, and other conditions. Given below is the list of Countries and Capitals in alphabetical order.
list of all countries in the world and their capitals pdf download
Now that you have gone through the list of Countries and their Capitals, you will be stunned to know that there are some countries that have more than one capital. Go through the next section to know more about it.
Once you have gone through the entire list of Countries and their Capitals, you can also get to know the currencies of the countries. Hope this article helped you get all the information related to the Countries and their Capitals 2020. If you have any doubts, do not hesitate to comment below.
This Statistical Yearbook is only one of a series of tools and statistical publications that FAO provides to users. The freely accessible FAOSTAT data platform contains the largest statistical database on food and agriculture in the world, with approximately 20 000 indicators covering more than 245 countries and territories, and around 2 000 000 users each year. The Statistical Yearbook is accompanied by the shorter Statistical Pocketbook, which provides a quick and easy reference to the main facts and trends in food and agriculture.
In addition to compiling and disseminating data, FAO is also involved in strengthening the statistical capacity of countries in order to produce more and better data; setting standards and methodologies; and leveraging big data innovations. FAO is committed to ensuring free access to current, reliable, timely and trusted data, necessary to chart a course towards a more sustainable agriculture and a world free of hunger.
Cropland area per capita decreased in all regions between 2000 and 2019 as population increased faster than cropland (see FIGURE 6). The world average declined by 17 percent to 0.20 ha per capita in 2019; the decrease was the largest in Africa (-26 percent, to 0.21 ha per capita), followed by the Americas (-18 percent, to 0.36 ha per capita), Asia (-15 percent, to 0.13 ha per capita), Europe (-8 percent, to 0.39 ha per capita) and Oceania (-7 percent, to 0.79 ha per capita). Against this backdrop, the increase in agricultural production over the same period (described in Chapter 2) indicates higher efficiency in feeding the population with limited land resources. The countries with the highest cropland area per capita are Kazakhstan, Australia and Canada (see TABLE 4), due to vast areas of land available over sparsely populated areas. Other reasons for high values include the intense use of agricultural inputs over cropland and dependencies on agricultural imports or food aid.
The share of equipped area for irrigation in agricultural land increased to 7.2 percent in 2019, up 1.3 percentage points compared with 2000 (see FIGURE 8). It increased in all regions, with the larger gains located in Asia as described above. The higher levels in Asia compared to the rest of the world are partly attributable to the prevalence of irrigation-intensive rice cultivation in the region. As seen in TABLE 6, Egypt stands out as the country with the highest share of equipped area for irrigation (99.7 percent in 2019), as the agricultural land is concentrated in the Nile valley and delta.4 Countries with low shares are more dependent on rainfed agriculture, which is affected by changing rain patterns and tends to be more extensive than irrigated agriculture. On the other hand, irrigated agriculture competes with other uses of the water resources available in countries.
The share of employment in agriculture, forestry and fishing declined globally by about 13 percentage points between 2000 and 2020, to 27.4 percent (see FIGURE 11). Yet, agriculture remains the second largest source of employment worldwide after the services sector.6 A decline in the share of the agricultural sector is usually linked to growing income levels, which explains the drop in the share of employment in agriculture across all regions and nearly all the countries (see TABLE 9). The COVID-19 pandemic broke this overall declining trend: while employment dropped in all sectors due to the COVID-19 restrictions, the industry and services sector were much more affected than agriculture, resulting in an increase of the share of agricultural employment in all regions except Europe between 2019 and 2020. The lowest share of employment in agriculture was observed in Europe in 2020, where only 5.2 percent of the employed population had a job in agriculture. The highest share was observed in Africa with 49.5 percent of the total employed population.
FIGURE 12 shows the 20 countries with the highest shares of women in agricultural employment. While on average women represented 36.7 percent of all agricultural workers in 2019, this share is above 50 percent in 23 countries (see TABLE 10), most of them in Africa. Women and men working in agriculture might have different employment status. Generally, the women employed in agriculture are more likely to be engaged as contributing family workers whereas men are more likely to be engaged on their own account as workers generating an income.7 In addition, women often spend more time than men on activities such as food processing and food preparation for the household, child and elder care, water and fuel collection and other unpaid household duties.8
The global production of raw sugar reached 182 million tonnes in 2017, up 37 percent compared with 2000, or 49 million tonnes (see FIGURE 25 and TABLE 20). As sugar cane, the main sugar crop, grows in tropical regions, the main producing countries are located there. The largest producing country is Brazil, which increased its share in the world total from 13 percent in 2000 to 22 percent in 2017. It overtook India in 2003, which accounted for 12 percent of the global production in 2017. The other main producers account for 4 to 6 percent of the total production each, with the Russian Federation relying only on sugar beet for sugar production.
As seen in TABLE 25, Asia played a major role in the overall growth of fisheries and aquaculture production and represented about 70 percent of total production in 2019 compared to 57 percent in 2000. In 2019, the Americas had a share of 12 percent, followed by Europe (10 percent), Africa (7 percent) and Oceania (1 percent). China is by far the main producer for both capture fisheries and aquaculture, with a 36 percent share of the total production in 2019, compared with 30 percent in 2000. In 2019, other major producers were Indonesia and India, and these three countries together represented slightly more than 50 percent of total fisheries and aquaculture production. These three countries were also the dominant producers for capture fisheries and aquaculture. The overall share of the top three producers was 73 percent of aquaculture and 30 percent of capture fisheries in 2019. Despite this concentration of production, aquaculture has experienced growth across the world, with the unequal rates reflecting differences in local policy, management objectives, site opportunities and environmental factors.
The world average dietary energy supply (DES), measured as calories per capita per day, has been increasing steadily to 2 950 kcal per person per day over the period from 2018 to 2020, up 9 percent compared with 2000 to 2002 (see FIGURE 50 and TABLE 40). It is the highest in Northern America and Europe at about 3 520 kcal per person per day; the gap with Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean, slightly above 3 000 kcal per person per day, is substantial. The fastest increase took place in Asia where DES went up 14 percent over the last two decades. While the lowest among all regions, Africa has also witnessed a steady increase in DES followed by a slight decline in recent years, probably due to the drought in 2016 and political conflicts in some countries that adversely affected agricultural production.19
The prevalence of stunting among children under five years (as well as the number of stunted children) decreased worldwide from 33 percent in 2000 to 22 percent in 2020 (see FIGURE 55). The decrease took place in all developing regions, with the largest drop in Asia, from 37 percent in 2000 to 22 percent in 2020. However, this global progress may have disguised a starker situation in some parts of the world. As seen in TABLE 45, the prevalence of child stunting is still extremely high in some countries, sometimes reaching more than 50 percent. A majority of the countries with a high prevalence of stunting are in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Water stress, defined as the share of freshwater withdrawal in available freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements, affects predominantly Western and Central Asia as well as Northern Africa (see FIGURE 63 and TABLE 52). The countries experiencing the most acute water stress levels in 2018 (Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia) are all located in the Arabian peninsula and are withdrawing each year 10 to almost 40 times their renewable freshwater resources available. As a result, non-renewable water resources are used and are diminishing rapidly. The national water stress level can hide some differences within a country. Water stress disaggregation by river basins shows that the basins affected by severe water stress are located not only in Northern Africa and the Near East but also in Northern America, Central and Southern Asia and on the west coast of Latin America.23 2ff7e9595c
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